Once the dough has doubled in size, punch it down and transfer it to a lightly floured surface. Roll out the dough into a rectangle, keeping it slightly thick. Spread a layer of the filling over the dough.
Roll the dough horizontally, starting from the side closest to you. Tuck and roll tightly as you go, ensuring a neat roll. If necessary, re-roll to adjust tightness. Place the seam side down once finished.
Avoid cutting with a knife, which can squish the rolls. Instead, use floss. Mark even portions, slide the floss under the dough, and cross the ends over the roll to cut cleanly.
Arrange the rolls in a baking tray, cover loosely with cling wrap, and allow them to rise for another 1.5 to 2 hours until doubled in size. Alternatively, refrigerate them for up to two days and follow make-ahead baking instructions.
Preheat your oven to 170°C. Bake the rolls for 20-25 minutes until fully cooked but not browned to retain their softness.
Make the cream cheese frosting: In a mixing bowl, whip the unsalted butter until soft, then add the room-temperature cream cheese, icing sugar, and vanilla and whip until fully combined.
Once the cinnamon rolls come out of the oven, let them cool for 5 minutes to ensure they are warm but not too hot. Spread the cream cheese frosting generously over the warm rolls.